This document outlines the foundational network architecture that underpins our operational infrastructure. It details the interconnected components, communication protocols, and security measures designed for robust and scalable performance.
Core Network Topology
Physical Layer
The physical network consists of a hierarchical design featuring multiple redundant links to ensure high availability. We primarily utilize fiber optic cabling for backbone connections and high-speed Ethernet for endpoint connectivity.
- Backbone: 100Gbps Ethernet
- Distribution Layer: 10Gbps Ethernet
- Access Layer: 1Gbps Ethernet
Logical Layer
A multi-tiered logical structure is employed, separating core routing, distribution services, and edge connectivity. Virtualization technologies are extensively used to segment traffic and manage resources efficiently.
- IP Addressing: IPv4 with a private address space (10.0.0.0/8) and IPv6 for future expansion.
- VLANs: Implemented for traffic segregation (e.g., User Data, Management, VoIP, Guest).
- Routing Protocols: OSPF for internal routing and BGP for external peering.
Key Components and Services
Routers and Switches
High-performance enterprise-grade routers and modular switches are deployed across all network tiers. Redundancy is achieved through VRRP/HSRP for gateway failover and LACP for link aggregation.
| Component Type | Primary Function | Example Vendor Model |
|---|---|---|
| Core Routers | High-speed packet forwarding, BGP peering | Cisco Nexus 9000 Series |
| Distribution Switches | Policy enforcement, VLAN routing | Arista 7050X Series |
| Access Switches | Endpoint connectivity, PoE+ support | HP Aruba 2930M Series |
Firewalls and Security Appliances
Next-generation firewalls are deployed at perimeter and internal segmentation points, enforcing granular access control policies. Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) and Web Application Firewalls (WAF) are integral.
- Perimeter Firewall: FortiGate 7060E
- Internal Segment Firewall: Palo Alto Networks PA-3220
- WAF: F5 BIG-IP Application Security Manager
Load Balancers
Application Delivery Controllers (ADCs) are used to distribute traffic across server farms, ensuring high availability and optimal performance for critical applications. Round-robin, least connections, and IP hash algorithms are supported.
Network Management and Monitoring
Tools and Protocols
Comprehensive monitoring and management are achieved through a combination of SNMP, NetFlow, and dedicated network management software. Alerting and performance analytics are key to proactive maintenance.
- NMS: SolarWinds Network Performance Monitor
- Log Aggregation: ELK Stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)
- Traffic Analysis: Wireshark, tcpdump